karate run specific feature file

Another example is dogs.feature - which actually makes JDBC (database) calls, and since the data returned from the Java code is JSON, the last section of the test is able to use match very effectively for data assertions. The built-in retry until syntax should suffice for most needs, but if you have some specific needs, this demo example (using JavaScript) should get you up and running: polling.feature. """, # karate's unified data handling means that even 'match' works, # which means that checking if a cookie does NOT exist is a piece of cake, # check if the response status is either of two values, # this may be sufficient to check a range of values. Multi-value headers (though rarely used in the wild) are also supported: Also look at the headers keyword which uses JSON and makes some kinds of dynamic data-driven testing easier. """, """ This turns out to be very useful in practice, and this particular match jsonArray contains '#(^partialObject)' form has no in-line equivalent (see the third-from-last row above). Note that more builder methods are available from the Runner.Builder class such as reportDir() etc. XML and XPath works just like youd expect. Enable HTTPS calls without needing to configure a trusted certificate or key-store. Calling any Java code is that easy. This comes in useful because depending on how you organize your files and folders - you can have multiple feature files executed by a single JUnit test-class. So if you take the previous folder structure example, you can do this on the command-line: Here, AnimalsTest is the name of the Java class we designated to run the multiple *.feature files that make up your test-suite. var JavaDemo = Java.type('com.mycompany.JavaDemo'); This is very common in the world of Maven users and keep in mind that these are tests and not production code. These are essential HTTP operations, they focus on setting one (un-named or key-less) value at a time and therefore dont need an = sign in the syntax. You also have the option of setting multiple cookies in one-step using the cookies keyword. When asserting for expected values in JSON or XML, always prefer using match instead of assert. Raw Blame. Note that a single JS function is sufficient to transform a given JSON object into a completely new one, and you can use complex conditional logic if needed. get metadata about the currently executing feature within a test, functional-style filter operation useful to filter list-like objects (e.g. Response Validation a. status 200 : It will check the status code coming back from the service is 200 b. print Response is: , response : This line of code will print the response from the service in the console. Karate gives us lots of options to work with data. For convenience, some stats are logged to the console when execution completes, which should look something like this: The parallel runner will always run Feature-s in parallel. All arrays no matter the depth will be checked in this way. You can do so by setting the charset to null via the configure keyword: If you need headers to be dynamically generated for each HTTP request, use a JavaScript function with configure headers instead of JSON. In This video explained how to set up the runner class so that the parallel execution is possible Follow me on LlinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/krishn. Step 2 - Add the below-mentioned dependencies in the Gradle project in build.gradle. jbang is a great way for you to install and execute scripts that use Karates Java API on any machine with minimal setup. There are a few situations where this comes in handy: As a convenience, you can omit the eval keyword and so you can shorten the above to: This is very convenient especially if you are calling a method on a variable that has been defined such as the karate object, and for general-purpose scripting needs such as UI automation. english will pause the test execution until a socket connection (even HTTP, currently for web-ui automation only, see. { Allowed keystore types are as described in the, if all server certificates should be considered trusted. If you get stuck and ask a question on Stack Overflow, make sure you provide a cURL command that works - or else it would be very difficult for anyone to troubleshoot what you could be doing wrong. To make dynamic data-driven testing easier, the following keywords also exist: params, headers, cookies and form fields. an initial 'sign-in' that retrieves some secure tokens, every subsequent. Just write the url then base URL after that. Karate can read *.csv files and will auto-convert them to JSON. Karate provides an elegant native-like experience for placeholder substitution within strings or text content. This is just to reduce confusion for users new to Karate who tend to do * def request = {} and expect the request body or similarly, the url to be set. For convenience, you can have multiple expressions separated by commas, so this is the recommended pattern: Similar to assert, the expressions on the right-hand-side of a print have to be valid JavaScript. Use a variable in the called feature instead, for e.g. With the formalities out of the way, lets dive straight into the syntax. The last row in the table is a little different from the rest, and this short-cut form is the recommended way to validate the length of a JSON array. Now it should be clear how Karate makes it easy to express JSON or XML. Variables set using def in the Background will be re-set before every Scenario. Karate-config.js, Is it possible to run java method after every karate scenario? } But normally a match statement is preferred unless you want a really descriptive error message. The contents of my-signin.feature are shown below. So you get the best of both worlds: the elegance of JSON to express complex nested data - while at the same time being able to dynamically plug values (that could even be other JSON or XML trees) into a template. Key Features (click images to expand) Monitors hundreds of thousands of threads running concurrently on each GPU. } [ // trigger download of latest image with custom file name convenient way to execute an OS specific command and return the console output e.g. A great example of how you can extend Karate, even bypass the HTTP client but still use Karates test-automation effectively, is this gRPC example by @thinkerou: karate-grpc. The match syntax involves a double-equals sign == to represent a comparison (and not an assignment =). We will use karate.properties [user.dir] which will automatically pick users working directory and then append it to the path of our project files. 1. But there is an elegant way you can specify a default value using the karate.get() API: A word of caution: we recommend that you should not over-use Karates capability of being able to re-use features. If parsing fails, Karate will log a warning and the value of response will then be a plain string. If you want to use JUnit 4, use the karate-junit4 Maven dependency instead of karate-junit5. Contrary to the docs, Karate does limit us regarding values we pass between feature files. { How to pass data from one feature file to another in karate? You can even remove JSON array elements by index. And steps that follow should logically be in the Then form. . Instead of using call (or callonce) you are always free to call JavaScript functions normally and then you can use more than one argument. JSON objects become Java Map-s, JSON arrays become Java List-s, and Java Bean properties are accessible (and update-able) using dot notation e.g. "hotels": [ For a call (or callonce) - payload / data structures (JSON, XML, Map-like or List-like) variables are passed by reference which means that steps within the called feature can update or mutate them, for e.g. Here is an example of how to get the current date, and formatted the way you want: And the above will result in something like this being logged: [print] 2017/10/16. To check whether particular field in response is present and not null using match !null To assert response by ignoring value of particular field So, first lets understand what is response in Karate. Especially when payloads are complex (or highly dynamic), it may be more practical to use contains semantics. Conditional logic is not recommended especially within test scripts because tests should be deterministic. The example below shows the difference between embedded expressions and enclosed JavaScript: So how would you choose between the two approaches to create JSON ? Here is an example of using a CSV file as the request-body: Karate provides a flexible way to compare two images to determine if they are the same or similar. This example uses contains and the #? time: '#? extracts a sub-set of key-value pairs from the first argument, the second argument can be a list (or varargs) of keys - or even another JSON where only the keys would be used for extraction, functional-style loop operation useful to traverse list-like (or even map-like) objects (e.g. The above example can be made more simpler with the use of call (or callonce) without a def-assignment to a variable, and is the recommended pattern for implementing re-usable authentication setup flows. In the feature file, we assert for HTTP response code 201. Only one JSON argument is allowed, but this does not limit you in any way as you can use any complex JSON structure. A good example is when you have the expected data available as ready-made JSON but it is in a different shape from the actual data or HTTP response. A callonce is ideally used for only pure JSON. You can even initialize the JSON in a separate step and pass it by name, especially if it is complex. Karate is flexible, you can easily over-write config variables within the Java or JUnit runner - which is very convenient when in dev-mode or rapid-prototyping. How to save karate.prevrequest between feature files? Bob,Wild """, # in this case the solitary 'call' argument is of type string. And it is worth mentioning that the Karate configuration bootstrap routine is itself a JavaScript function. In these 13 y ears, the club has grown to be one of the larger karate clubs in Singapore, with 11 dojos islandwide currently, promoting sport karate in this nation. To test a specific feature in karate I run: mvn test -Dkarate.options="classpath:myfeature.feature". intuit. The name of the class doesnt matter, and it will automatically run any *. Note how even tags to exclude (or include) can be specified: Note that any Feature or Scenario with the special @ignore tag will be skipped by default. One way to define test-suites in Karate is to have a JUnit class at a level above (in terms of folder hierarchy) all the *.feature files in your project. It is worth internalizing that during test-execution, it is upon the method keyword that the actual HTTP request is issued. You can always directly access the variable called responseHeaders if you wanted to do more checks, but you typically wont need to. As a short-cut, when running JsonPath expressions - $ represents the response. Heres a reminder that running any single JUnit test via Maven can be done by: Where CatsRunner is the JUnit class name (in any package) you wish to run. When you use a JUnit runner - after the execution of each feature, an HTML report is output to the target/karate-reports folder and the full path will be printed to the console (see video). A Karate test script has the file extension .feature which is the standard followed by Cucumber. The examples above are simple, but a variety of expression shapes are supported on the right hand side of the = symbol. entityState: "ACTIVE" It can also be argued that the # symbol is easy to spot when eyeballing your test scripts - which makes things more readable and clear. Feature: multiple header management approaches that demonstrate how after. {@F1,@F2,@F3,. Observe the usage of Scenario Outline: instead of Scenario:, and the new Examples: section. Note that karate.signal() (described as part of the listen keyword) will be called internally and the listenResult will be the payload contents of the selected message. A JavaScript function or Karate expression at runtime has access to a utility object in a variable named: karate. This is possible by prefixing contains with a ! var sdf = new SimpleDateFormat('yyyy/MM/dd'); If you want to use JUnit 4, use the karate-junit4 Maven dependency instead of karate-junit5 . There is no need to code the step definitions. #(lang)#(user), """ Note that the Content-Type header will be automatically set to: application/x-www-form-urlencoded. }, If you are trying to build dynamic URLs including query-string parameters in the form: http://myhost/some/path?foo=bar&search=true - please refer to the param keyword. """, # note the 'text' keyword instead of 'def', """ But, unlike Cucumber, the steps do not require a . math 'test1.feature', * def result = responseStatus == 404 ? Here is an example of what is possible: Not something you would commonly use, but in some cases you need to disable Karates default behavior of attempting to parse anything that looks like JSON (or XML) when using multi-line / string expressions. You dont have to compile code. isValidTime(_)' An advanced option is where the scenario expression returns a JavaScript generator function. b Note that since only JsonPath is expected on the left-hand-side of the == sign of a match statement, you dont need to prefix the variable reference with $: A convenience that the get syntax supports (but not the $ short-cut form) is to return a single element if the right-hand-side evaluates to a list-like result (e.g. For completeness, the built-in tags are the following: There are two special tags that allow you to select or un-select a Scenario depending on the value of karate.env. The results of the first call are cached, and any future calls will simply return the cached result instead of executing the JavaScript function (or feature) again and again. This can be done via the maven-surefire-plugin configuration. The karate-demo has an example showing various ways to configure or set headers: headers.feature. Also make sure that you complete the set up of things like url, param, header, configure etc. The default is 30000 (30 seconds). Also look at the section on commonly needed utilities for more ideas. The syntax will include a = sign between the key and the value. Karate report & karate log to have scenario name with test data. This is perfect for those cases where it really doesnt make sense - for example the Background section or when you use the def or set syntax. In rare cases, e.g. To run only a single scenario, append the line number on which the scenario is defined, de-limited by :. This is for evaluating arbitrary JavaScript and you are advised to use this only as a last resort ! Karate is an open-source Behavior Driven Development (BDD) framework that allows conducting the following types of tests with no need to write additional code:. A very useful capability is to be able to check that an array contains an object that contains the provided sub-set of keys instead of having to specify the complete JSON - which can get really cumbersome for large objects. In cases where the data-source needs multiple steps, for e.g. How can I see who wants to message me on Messenger? Keep in mind that the reason this exists is to cache data, and not behavior. Refer to your IDE documentation for how to run a JUnit class. Theres also a cross-platform stand-alone executable for teams not comfortable with Java. The main island is separated from Peninsular Malaysia to the north by Johor Strait, a narrow channel crossed by a . feature file from your Java IDE, you just need the following empty test-class in the same package. JSON arrays), see. We can execute the scenarios in the feature file using maven (which is useful to run the tests in a CI environment) import com. How to run a specific feature file in karate? But there are cases where you need to take custom actions like saving a response to a file, file reading or writing, etc. Parallel testing is the core functionality that is provided by the Karate itself, hence we need not depend on Maven, Gradle, etc. ] note the wildcard '*' in the JsonPath (returns an array), # when inspecting a json array, 'contains' just checks if the expected items exist, # and the size and order of the actual array does not matter, # the .. operator is great because it matches nodes at any depth in the JSON "tree". { Observe how the value of the field being validated (or self) is injected into the underscore expression variable: _. # and yes, you can assert against nested objects within JSON arrays ! VNC server exposed on port 5900 so that you can watch the browser in real-time. You can also compare images using Karate path prefixes (e.g. The not equals operator != works as you would expect: You typically will never need to use the != (not-equals) operator ! This does require you to move set-up into a separate *.feature (or JavaScript) file. If you want, you could even create nested chunks of JSON that name-space your config variables. sleep time in milliseconds, relevant only for. Windows: Ctrl+R+1. Since the eval keyword can be omitted when operating on variables using JavaScript, this leads to very concise code: Refer to eval for more / advanced examples. (with no space in between). Here is a recap of symbols that can be used in JSON embedded expressions: There is a shortcut for match each explained in the next section that can be quite useful, especially for in-line schema-like validations. Note that def will over-write any variable that was using the same name earlier. So if you have a Feature with multiple Scenario-s in it - they will execute in parallel, and even each Examples row in a Scenario Outline will do so ! See also responseStatus if you want to do some complex assertions against the HTTP status code. Also see first.feature and second.feature in the demos. The karate-chrome Docker is an image created from scratch, using a Java / Maven image as a base and with the following features: Chrome in "full" mode (non-headless) Chrome DevTools protocol exposed on port 9222. Once you get a result, you typically use it to set global variables. return sdf.format(date); to save space and speed up report loading), * configure imageComparison = { hideUiOnSuccess, # ignore areas of an image (e.g. Here is an example of using the call keyword to invoke another feature file, loaded using the read function: If you find this hard to understand at first, try looking at this set of examples. Any valid JavaScript expression that evaluates to a Truthy or Falsy value is expected after the #?. Create a Test Runner class. 12341234 params, headers, cookies, form fields, multipart fields and multipart files take a single JSON argument (which can be in-line or a variable reference), and this enables certain types of dynamic data-driven testing, especially because any JSON key with a null value will be ignored. How do you pass special characters in karate URL? You can use this to assert that it was returned within the expected time like so: Karate will attempt to parse the raw HTTP response body as JSON or XML and make it available as the response value. To run a script *.feature file from your Java IDE, you just need the following empty test-class in the same package. a JSON array). The function is expected to return a JSON object and all keys and values in that JSON object will be made available as script variables. See also match header which is what you would normally need. The built-in karate object is explained in detail later, but for now, note that this is also injected into print (and even assert) statements, and it has a helpful pretty method, that takes a JSON argument and a prettyXml method that deals with XML. No tests run in maven project with karate module. If you are familiar with Cucumber / Gherkin, the big difference here is that you dont need to write extra glue code or Java step definitions ! Although all properties in the passed JSON-like argument are unpacked into the current scope as separate named variables, it sometimes makes sense to access the whole argument and this can be done via __arg. Now, run the TestRunner and observe that you would not find all the verbose logs in console which you were getting before and rather it would be saved in a file karate.log under target folder . Shinwa-Kai Karate Club (Singapore) is founded in 1997 by Shihan Richard Ng, 7th Dan Black-Belt, NROC Master Coach & National Coach of Singapore. a named JsonPath or XPath expression - e.g. Karate tool provides you with the step definitions. Multiple feature files (or paths) can be specified, de-limited by the space character. This behavior where all key-value pairs in the returned map-like object get automatically added as variables - applies to the calling of *.feature files as well. } We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you don't want to run Gatling tests as part of the normal Maven test lifecycle, you can avoid the <executions> section as described previously.. Gradle . For JSON and XML files, Karate will evaluate any embedded expressions on load. if there is no matching tag - that the Examples without a tag will be executed. Also refer to the eval keyword for a simpler way to execute arbitrary JavaScript that can be useful in some situations. The feature file is an entry point, to write the cucumber tests and used as a live document at the time of testing. Here is an example: Here above, you see the karate.log(), karate.env and karate.configure() helpers being used. And as a testing framework, Karate discourages tests that give different results on every run. So the only way to call this Scenario is by using the karate.setup() JS API. This is useful for testing payloads with JSON arrays whose members have a few essential keys that you wish to validate. EDIT: Karate now supports being able to use a line-number, for e.g. Change the name of the job to "Unit tests" and type the following command: mvn test. Once you have a JSON or XML object, Karate provides multiple ways to manipulate, extract or transform data. For e.g. function() { countryName: '#string', Step 3: Add steps to run a sample GET API request. Also see the option below, where you can data-drive an Examples: table using JSON. Install Karate VS Code Plugin. Also see type conversion. The placeholder format defaults to angle-brackets, for example: . a The $varName form is used on the right-hand-side of Karate expressions and is slightly different from pure JsonPath expressions which always begin with $. You can always use a JavaScript function or call Java for more complex logic. # the step that immediately follows the above would typically be: * def putOrPost = (someVariable == 'dev' ? Give a name to the feature file. These are built-in variables, there are only a few and all of them give you access to the HTTP response. """, # very useful for validating a response against a schema "super-set", * match karate.filterKeys(response, 'b', 'c') == { c, * match karate.filterKeys(response, ['a', 'b']) == { a, # generate a range of numbers as a json array, """ The documentation on how to run tests via the command line has an example of how to use tags to decide which tests to not run (or ignore). A stand-alone example can be found here: examples/image-comparison along with a video explanation. Learn more. And if you have a Scenario Outline, this happens for every row in the Examples. For JUnit 5 you can omit the public modifier for the class and method, and there are some changes to import package names. For example: And similarly for XML and XPath, / represents the response. For those who use Gradle, this sample build.gradle provides a gatlingRun task that executes the Gatling test of the karate-netty project . Other options are the quickstart or the standalone executable. It typically ends up being a one-liner that appears in the Background section at the start of your test-scripts. Typical symptoms are your tests working fine via the IDE but not when running via Maven or Gradle. How to run a specific feature file in Karate? You can add (or over-ride) variables by passing a call argument as shown above. It is worth taking a few minutes to go through the documentation and examples here: JsonPath Examples. The Hello World is a great example of REST-ful use of the url when the test focuses on a single REST resource. The problem is, I want to use other config values as shown here but when I run the test, it fails to access config.ApiKey correctly. Try this especially if you dont have much experience with programming or test-automation. There are two types of code that can be call-ed. The variable state after feature execution would be returned as a Map. The demo also features code-coverage using Jacoco, and some tips for even non-Java back-ends. And yes, relative paths will work. You end up with a decent approximation of BDD even though web-services by nature are headless, without a UI, and not really human-friendly. This is like the opposite of set if you need to remove keys or data elements from JSON or XML instances. A karate-timeline.html file will also be saved to the report output directory mentioned above (target/karate-reports by default) - which is useful for visually verifying or troubleshooting the effectiveness of the test-run (see video). Once you get used to this, you may even start wondering why projects need a src/test/resources folder at all ! One of these is the use of a Gherkin file, which describes the tested feature.However, unlike Cucumber, tests aren't written in Java and are fully described in the Gherkin file. Here is an example, where the same websocket connection is used to send as well as receive a message. And since header names are case-insensitive - it ignores the case when finding the header to match. A good example of the use of form field for a typical sign-in flow is this OAuth 2 demo: oauth2.feature. did the function invocation return a map-like (or JSON) object ? This is convenient for complex nested payloads where you are sure that you only want to check for some values in the various trees of data. Any valid XPath expression is allowed on the left-hand-side of a match statement. Also see this thread. Why did Ukraine abstain from the UNHRC vote on China? { Either - it can be assigned to a variable like so. However, unlike Cucumber, tests arent written in Java and are fully described in the Gherkin file. Note how we unpack the kittens and use it to data drive the Scenario Outline. A few points to note: Note that only variables and configuration settings will be passed. Now we are all set for the Parallel execution with 2. features file. Here is an example: Any Karate variable will be available to the template, which is users.html in this example. Here are some example assertions performed while scraping a list of child elements out of the JSON below. For a proxy that requires authentication, set the, The charset that will be sent in the request, HTTP requests and responses (including headers) will appear in the HTML report, default. Just ensure that this is configured before you use karate.callSingle(): By default Karate will use target (or build) as the cache folder, which you can over-ride by adding a dir key: This caching behavior will work only if the result of karate.callSingle() is a JSON-like object, and any JS functions or Java objects mixed in will be lost. Syntax highlighting should work right away and if you don't see something similar like in the following screenshot, make sure you have selected karate as . So if you really wanted to assert that the HTTP response body is well-formed JSON or XML you can do this: Very rarely used - but you can get the Java system-time (for the current response) at the point when the HTTP request was initiated (the value of System.currentTimeMillis()) which can be used for detailed logging or custom framework / stats calculations. So you can use Karate to set-up data via API calls, then run the UI test-automation, and finally again use Karate to assert that the system-state is as expected.