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Australia: Scott Morrison saga casts scrutiny on Queen's representative Historically the governor-general has also served as Chief Scout of Australia. The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, The Office of the Official Secretary to the Governor-General, Her Excellency Mrs Linda Hurley's biography, Receiving a congratulatory message from the Governor-General, The Governor-General's Official residences, Presiding over the Federal Executive Council, Facilitating the work of the Commonwealth Parliament and Government, Dissolving Parliament and issuing writs for a Federal election, Commissioning the Prime Minister; appointing Ministers and Assistant Ministers; and swearing-in other statutory positions. Of the eleven Australians appointed governor-general since 1965, Lord Casey, Sir Paul Hasluck and Bill Hayden were former federal parliamentarians; Sir John Kerr was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales; Sir Ninian Stephen and Sir William Deane were appointed from the bench of the High Court; Sir Zelman Cowen was a vice-chancellor of the University of Queensland and constitutional lawyer; Peter Hollingworth was the Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane; and Major-General Michael Jeffery was a retired military officer and former Governor of Western Australia. Find out more about our policy and your choices, including how to opt-out. After Scullin's defeat in 1931, non-Labor governments continued to recommend British people for appointment as governor-general, but such appointments remained solely a matter between the Australian government and the monarch. [3][4] The governor-general is appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of government ministers. On 18 March 2020,[32] a human biosecurity emergency was declared in Australia owing to the risks to human health posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, after the National Security Committee met the previous day. These are the people who see us through good times and bad. "And I know that when I met with King Charles, we had a discussion about a visit, and I of course conveyed that he would always be welcomed here.". Scullin's proposed appointment of Sir Isaac Isaacs was fiercely opposed by the British government. The position came into being with the adoption of the new national constitution on 1 January 1901, and has been held by 27 people since then. Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, was a senior member of the royal family. [46] Bill Hayden declined the office on the grounds of his atheism, which was incompatible with the Scout Promise. Administrator of the government - Wikipedia The coronation will take place at Westminster Abbey in London on May 6, led by the Archbishop of Canterbury and featuring "longstanding traditions and pageantry". In practice, they are Australia's Head of State and have a range of constitutional and ceremonial duties. [20], Australian Solicitor-General Maurice Byers stated in 1974: "The constitutional prescription is that executive power is exercisable by the governor-general although vested in the Queen. [35][36] Hasluck's successor John Kerr made state visits to eight countries, but Kerr's successor Zelman Cowen made only a single state visit to Papua New Guinea as he wished to concentrate on travelling within Australia. Later, the Governor-General and Mrs Hurley received Mr Gary Meyers, Ambassador, St Vincents Hospital, on the completion of Mr Meyers walk from Sydney to Canberra. Write to the Governor-General or Government House at: Government House Dunrossil Drive YARRALUMLA ACT 2600 Tel: (02) 6283 3533 E-mail the Governor-General or Government House The Governor-General is appointed by the King on the advice of the Prime Minister and performs a large number of functions which are defined by the Constitution. The office of "governor-general" was previously used in Australia in the mid-19th century. On the day parliament opens, the governor-general makes a speech, entirely written by the government, explaining the government's proposed legislative program. [5] The monarch then permits the recommendation to be publicly announced, usually several months before the end of the existing governor-general's term. visiting places hit by national disaster, such as floods or fire. The most notable use of the reserve powers occurred in November 1975, in the course of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. The Governor-General of Australiais addressed as His/Her Excellencydenoting his/her rank the vice-royal representative of the monarchto a Commonwealth nation. On other occasions royal assent has been given elsewhere. This right not only to advise the monarch directly, but also to expect that advice to be accepted, was soon taken up by all the other Dominion prime ministers. According to William McMahon, Harold Holt considered having Lord Casey dismissed from the governor-generalship, and went as far as to have the necessary documents drawn up. "It was a great honour for me to have an audience with King Charles. The salutation for a letter should be "Your Excellency" or "Dear Mrs Hurley ". [19] The constitution also provides that the governor-general is the monarch's "representative" in exercising the executive power of the Commonwealth (section 61) and as commander-in-chief of the armed forces (section 68). [26] This view was also held by Senior Judge of the Supreme Court of Tasmania Andrew Inglis Clark, who, with W. Harrison Moore (a contributor to the first draft of the constitution put before the 1897 Adelaide Convention and professor of law at the University of Melbourne), postulated that the letters patent and the royal instructions issued by Queen Victoria were unnecessary "or even of doubtful legality". In 1986 the letters patent were amended again, and governors-general appointed from that time were again, ex officio, entitled to the post-nominal AC (although if they already held a knighthood in the order that superior rank was retained). At the same time as the appointment of Isaacs as the first Australian-born governor-general, a separate role of British Representative in Australia (as the representative of the British government) was established, with Ernest Crutchley the first appointee. Governor-General of Australia | Bartleby Lachlan Macquarie | governor of New South Wales, Australia The Governor-General wearing a shirt and tie sits at a desk with a pen in hand. In 1989, Bill Hayden, a republican, declined appointment to the British Privy Council and any imperial honours. Stanley Bruce (1925) and Joseph Lyons (1935) either asked for or were given a list of suitable candidates to choose from. The Order belongs to each of us and we each have a part to play. Then, the Governor-General, as Chancellor of the Order of Australia and Her Excellency Mrs Linda Hurley, invested Air Marshal Kevin Short AO, Chief of the New Zealand Defence Force. The Governor-General of Australia is the representative in Australia of Australia's head of state, Charles III. [59], The early governors-general frequently sought advice on the exercise of their powers from judges of the High Court of Australia, Sir Samuel Griffith and Sir Edmund Barton. Scullin was partially influenced by the precedent set by the Government of the Irish Free State, which always insisted upon having an Irishman as the governor-general of the Irish Free State. That role can become controversial, however, if the governor-general becomes unpopular with sections of the community. The constitution also provides that the salary of the governor-general cannot be "altered" during his or her term of office. The Governor-General is officially appointed by the Queen as Head of State. These provisions make it clear that the Monarch's role in the parliament is in name only and the actual responsibility belongs to the governor-general. 11 November 2020 marks the 45th anniversary of the dismissal of the Whitlam Labor Government in 1975. The reserve powers are, according to the Constitution of Australia: Those powers are generally and routinely exercised on ministerial advice, but the governor-general retains the ability to act independently in certain circumstances, as governed by convention. I have seen this at work in the people and organisations assisting our veterans, our rural communities that are under stress, asylum seekers who we have accepted into our country and our aboriginal brothers and sisters. They go above and beyond, are from all over the country, and contribute every day in every way imaginable. A temporary vacancy also occurred in 2003 when Peter Hollingworth stood aside. Scullin cited the precedents of the prime minister of South Africa, J. In recent years best bet is to be a three or four star general. Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia Badge Flag of the Governor-General Incumbent David Hurley since 1 July 2019 Viceregal Style His Excellencythe Honourable Status Representative of the Head of state Commander in chief Residence Government House(Canberra) Admiralty House(Sydney) Seat Canberra Nominator Prime Minister of Australia Leading Australias response, celebration and acknowledgement at commemorative events. New details emerge about Australia's role in King's coronation [44] The incident contributed to Fraser's resignation from cabinet in 1971 and Gorton's subsequent loss of the prime ministership.[45]. In our opinion it is an essential consequence of the equality of status existing among the members of the British Commonwealth of Nations that the Governor-General of a Dominion is the representative of the Crown, holding in all essential respects the same position in relation to the administration of public affairs in the Dominion as is held by His Majesty the King in Great Britain, and that he is not the representative or agent of His Majesty's Government in Great Britain or of any Department of that Government. I am committed as Governor-General to support these people in their work. - hear from some recipients. Permission should be sought from Government House for third-party or commercial uses of this image. 2014-2019. Sir, "David Hurley named next governor general of Australia", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_governors-general_of_Australia&oldid=1140852633, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 02:42. Buckingham Palace on Friday announced details of King Charles and Queen Consort Camilla's first overseas trip since assuming their titles after Queen Elizabeth's death. General David John Hurley, AC, DSC, KStJ, FTSE (born 26 August 1953) is an Australian former senior officer in the Australian Army who has served as the 27th governor-general of Australia since 1 July 2019. "[22] The changes occurred in 1984 when Queen Victoria's letters patent and instructions were revoked and replaced with new letters patent,[23] on Prime Minister Bob Hawke's advice, who stated that this would clarify the governor-general's position under the constitution.[24][25]. The right of governors-general to make state visits was confirmed at the 1926 Imperial Conference, as it was deemed not feasible for the sovereign to pay state visits on behalf of countries other than the United Kingdom. All the governors-general until 1965 were British-born, except for Australian-born Sir Isaac Isaacs (19311936) and Sir William McKell (19471953). Macquarie joined the British army as a boy and served in North America . David Hurley - Wikipedia Defence Minister Malcolm Fraser, who opposed the call out, was responsible for informing Hasluck of the prime minister's lack of consultation. Lord Casey was Governor of Bengal in between his periods of service to the Australian Parliament. The governor-general is supported by a staff (of 80 in 2018[7]) headed by the official secretary to the governor-general of Australia. The King maintained that it was now his sole prerogative to choose a governor-general, and he wanted Field-Marshal Sir William Birdwood for the Australian post. H of R. 138, 24 August 1984, p. 380. [37], Under section 68 of the constitution, "the command in chief of the naval and military forces of the Commonwealth is vested in the GovernorGeneral". Lord Dunrossil (as William Morrison) was Speaker of the UK House of Commons. [28] YARRALUMLA ACT 2600, Tel: (02) 6283 3533E-mail the Governor-General or Government House. The Governor-General, wearing a suit and medals on the left side of his chest, talks to people in a crowd. Sections 58 to 60 allow the governor-general to withhold assent, suggest changes, refer to the Monarch or proclaim that the Monarch has annulled the legislation. [18], Such further powers are currently set out in letters patent of 2008 from Queen Elizabeth II; these contain no substantive powers, but provide for the case of a governor-general's absence or incapacity. An "administrator of the government" in Canada is a constitutional practice where an individual is empowered to perform the functions of the office of the governor general if the governor general is incapable of rendering their constitutional duties, or if the position of Governor General is vacant following a resignation or death. However, that custom fell into disuse during the tenure of Sir Paul Hasluck. The 736 recipients of awards in the General Division of the Order of Australia include: The 217 recipients of Meritorious Awards include recipients of the Public Service Medal, the Australian Police Medal, Australian Fire Service Medal, Emergency Services Medal, the Australian Corrections Medal and the Australian Intelligence Medal. Sir William Joseph Slim - Australian Dictionary Of Biography Australia's Governor-General David Hurley has contracted COVID-19 and is experiencing mild symptoms, a spokesperson says. They do this to celebrate the best of Australia and recognise the everyday Australians who, without fuss or fanfare, contribute to the lives of others and make Australia such a compassionate, harmonious and peaceful place. Lord Stonehaven (as John Baird) was Minister for Transport in the Cabinets of Bonar Law and Stanley Baldwin; and after his return to Britain he became Chairman of the UK Conservative Party. Work of the Parliament - Parliament of Australia She's the voice: how the governor-general's wife became Australia's [30] In Australia, however, the powers are explicitly given to the governor-general in the constitution; it is their use that is the subject of convention.[31]. . Australian Honours and Awards - Governor-General of Australia Write to the Governor-General or Government House at: Government House South Australia was also the first state to appoint a woman as governor, when Dame Roma Mitchell took office in 1991. Later, the Governor-General received Ms Minoli Perera, Ambassador- designate to Zimbabwe. However, Scullin stood firm, saying he would be prepared to fight a general election on the issue of whether an Australian should be prevented from becoming governor-general because he was Australian. Section 1 of the Australian Constitution says that the Parliament is made up of the King, the Senate and the House of Representatives. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. I've spent the morning watching Hurley wander between tables of war widows (average age 81, according to the governor general), microphone in hand, leading them in song over cucumber and smoked . The Governor-General. Calls for governor general to explain exclusion of Morrison ministries Contact | Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia The governor-general of Australia is the head of the executive branch of the federal government, serving as the representative of the Australian monarch (currently Charles III ). These fall roughly into three categories: constitutional and statutory duties, formal ceremonial duties, and non-ceremonial social duties. More recent governors-general in this category include Lord Casey, Sir Paul Hasluck, Sir John Kerr, Sir Ninian Stephen, Bill Hayden and Sir William Deane. Frances Adamson announced as South Australia's new governor, replacing [65] The opposition Nationalist Party of Australia denounced the appointment as "practically republican", but Scullin had set a precedent. Follow. Former leading politicians and members of the judiciary have figured prominently. The first female Governor-General was the Honourable . Significant post-retirement activities of earlier Governors-General have included: Lord Tennyson was appointed Deputy Governor of the Isle of Wight; Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson (by now Lord Novar) became Secretary of State for Scotland; and Lord Gowrie became Chairman of the Marylebone Cricket Club (Lord Forster had also held this post, before his appointment as governor-general). The functions of the governor-general include appointing ministers, judges, and ambassadors; giving royal assent to legislation passed by parliament; issuing writs for election; and bestowing Australian honours.[6]. Governors-general generally become patrons of various charitable institutions, present honours and awards, host functions for various groups of people including ambassadors to and from other countries, and travel widely throughout Australia. That position, though now generally well recognised, undoubtedly represents a development from an earlier stage when the Governor-General was appointed solely on the advice of His Majesty's Ministers in London and acted also as their representative. Holt believed that this was an improper use of his authority, but no further action was taken.[17]. To provide continuity through general elections both federally and in New South Wales, Hurley succeeded General Sir Peter Cosgrove, who had planned to retire in March 2019, on 1 July 2019.[1][2]. Should you wish to extend an invitation to the Governor-General and Mrs Hurley, please use ouremail formand selectInvitations. Since May 2013, the style used by a former governor-general is the Honourable; it was at the same time retrospectively granted for life to all previous holders of the office.[54]. Examples of this have been the Flags Act (1953), the Royal Styles and Titles Acts (1953 and 1973), and the Australia Act (1986). In 1947, Labor appointed a second Australian Governor-General, William McKell, who was in office as the Labor premier of New South Wales. Menzies had sought a man of stature, one who had no involvement in Australian politics, and one who would represent the monarch effectively. 1. Introduction to Australia and its system of government At the start of Chapter 2 on executive government, the constitution says "The executive power of the Commonwealth is vested in the Queen and is exercisable by the Governor-General as the Queen's representative". It is also, in the same section, declared to be "exercisable" by the Governor-General as the Queen's representative. Together with the Senate and the House of Representatives, the Governor-General is a part of the Australian Parliament. Sir Matthew Nathan, Governor of Queensland from 1920 to 1925, was Australia's only Jewish governor until the appointment of Linda Dessau as Governor of Victoria in 2015. "Whether that be to tackle climate change; respond to the conflict in Ukraine; seize trade and investment opportunities or share the best of our arts and culture. In general, the governor-general observes the conventions of the Westminster system and responsible government, maintaining a political neutrality, and acts only on the advice of the prime minister or other ministers or, in certain cases, parliament. Australian News Channel Pty Ltd 2017 - 2023. Theyre the first to show up and the last to leave. Early governors-general were British and were appointed by the queen or king on the recommendation of the Colonial Office. The governor-general of Australia is the representative of the monarch, currently King Charles III, in Australia. Sir John Kerr resigned in 1977, with his official reason being his decision to accept the position of Australian Ambassador to UNESCO in Paris, a post which ultimately he did not take up, but the resignation also being motivated by the 1975 constitutional controversy. Don't have an account? Quentin Bryce - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Australia will be represented at the coronation of King Charles III by Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Governor-General David Hurley, it has been confirmed. Lord Northcote was Governor of Bombay. Governor-General Read the Australia Day 2023 Honours list Attend the first ever 'Open Evening' at Government House on Friday 17 March from 3:00-7:00pm Subscribe to the new Order of Australia newsletter - Above and beyond - to learn about the amazing people recognised through the Order. Spouses of governors-general have no official duties but carry out the role of a vice-regal consort. The Governor-General is the Chancellor of the Order of Australia and each year approves awards to recognise the service and contribution of outstanding Australians through the Australian Honours and AwardsSystem. The Governor-General engaging in ceremonial duties. In the face of this provision, I feel it is difficult to contend that the Queen, even though present in Australia, may exercise in person functions of executive government which are specifically assigned by the constitution to the Governor-General. [10] Mr Albanese told reporters on Saturday how he has accepted an invitation to attend the crowning of the monarch in the United Kingdom alongside Mr Hurley. In writing, on an envelope or address block of an email: --His/Her Excellency Dame Quentin Alice Louise Bryce AD, CVO (ne Strachan; born 23 December 1942) was the 25th Governor-General of Australia, from September 2008 to March 2014. The statement was later issued by the Prime Minister's Press Office. The governor-general now wears an ordinary lounge suit if a man or day dress if a woman. These duties are essential to Australia's modern democracy, however perhaps the most important role of the Governor-General is their work in the Australian community. Sir Isaac Isaacs and Sir Zelman Cowen were Jewish; Bill Hayden was an avowed atheist[69] during his term and he made an affirmation rather than swear an oath at the beginning of his commission; the remaining Governors-General have been at least nominally Christian. Sir Isaac Isaacs was successively Commonwealth Attorney-General, a High Court judge, and Chief Justice. [16] By convention, the longest-serving state governor holds a dormant commission, allowing an assumption of office to commence whenever a vacancy occurs. [47] He did however serve as the association's patron during his term of office. [6] The actual powers of the governor-general as commander-in-chief are not defined in the constitution, but rather in the Defence Act 1903 and other legislation. The salutation for a letter should be "Your Excellency" or "Dear Governor-General". ", To join the conversation, please Section 5 states that "the Governor-General may appoint such times for holding the sessions of the Parliament [] prorogue the Parliament [and] dissolve the House of Representatives." The first Governor-General was the Right Honourable John Adrian Louis Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun, who served from 1901 to 1903. The Governor-General is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. In 2003, Archbishop Peter Hollingworth voluntarily stood aside while controversial allegations against him were managed, and the letters patent of the office were amended to take account of this circumstance. In practice, they are Australias Head of State and have a range of constitutional and ceremonial duties. Who will represent Australia at King Charles coronation?
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